More parts of speech: conjunction and preposition

Preposition: A word that tells what position a noun or pronoun is in. A preposition is a word the shows the RELATION between two or more things.Prepositions are POSITIONAL words and always have an object that's a noun or pronoun.

• common examples: in, on, under, beside, below, to, at, by, over

• Caroline's ipad is on the table
• Santi's iphone is under the table.
• Chassidy's ipod is beside the table.
• Zack's retainer went into the garbage.

• always found in prepositional phrases; ex. at the mall, under the table, in class

• prepositions can also be used as adverbs. Remember that a preposition must always be in a phrase while an adverb can stand alone. 
• Preposition: We waited in line outside the movie theater.
• Adverb: I like to play inside and outside.

Conjunction: word that connects words, group of words, or sentences

1. Coordinating conjunction - used to connect independent clauses (an independent clause can stand alone as a sentence)

• There are 7 coordinating conjunctions: for, and, nor, but, or, yet, so (FANBOYS)
• In a sentence, put a comma before the conjunction to combine more than 1 independent clause. Ex. My brother is two years older than me, but I am much more mature.
• Beware: for is a conjunction only if it connects two or more independent clauses. 
• conjunction: I got a new coat, for it's cold this winter.
• preposition: I got a new coat for my birthday. 
• Some examples of coordinating conjunctions in sentences:
• Ms. Galang and Ms. Buchalter are reading the same book.
• Roy is going to to the park, but I am going to the beach. 
• My friends take their bikes to school , but I prefer to walk.

2. Subordinating conjunction - words that make one group of words (dependent clause) dependent upon another group of words (independent clause) to form a complete sentence. 

• Examples: because, when, until, after, as, before, if, since, unless, until, whenever, where, while
• The phrase or group of words that begin with the subordinating conjunction is called a subordinating clause; they are also called adverbial clauses because they further describe the verb in the sentence
• The subordinating clause can go in the beginning of the sentence or at the end. Notice there is a comma after the subordinating clause only when it goes in the beginning of the sentence:
• Before class, I went to the water fountain.
• I went to the water fountain before class.
• Because we have physical education today, I brought my gym clothes.
• I brought my gym clothes because we have physical education today.